Lambar don taurarin ƙarfe ita ce H. bisa ga hanyoyin gargajiya daban-daban, wakilcin na al'ada sun haɗa da ƙarfi, da sauransu (HV), waɗanda HRC (HV), waɗanda HRC suka fi amfani da su. HB yana da kewayon aikace-aikace, kuma HRC ya dace da kayan tare da matsanancin ƙarfi, kamar taurin kai mai zafi. Bambanci shine cewa na ciki na Hardster Tester ya bambanta. Hakkin Bratinell shine Ball Indenter, yayin da Harshen Rockwell ya taurare shine a ciki mai lu'u-lu'u.
HV-ya dace da bincike na microscope. Vicers Hardness (HV) Latsa kayan ƙasa tare da nauyin ƙasa da 120kg da murabba'in murabba'in lu'u-lu'u tare da kusurwar iska na 136 °. Yankin farfajiya na rami na kayan abu ya raba darajar nauyin, wanda shi ne ƙimar da ke Haramtawa (HV). Vickers Harshen da aka bayyana a matsayin HV (koma zuwa GB / T4340-1999), kuma yana auna samfuran bakin ciki sosai.
HL mai ɗaukar hoto mai ƙarfi game da gwaji ya dace da ma'auni. Yana amfani da ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon don shawo kan surface kuma yana samar da kuɗi. A wuya ana lissafta ta da wuya daga saurin dawo da punch a 1mm daga samfurin zuwa saurin tasirin. Tsarin shine: leeb Hardness Hl = 1000 × vb (sake sakewa) / va (tasiri).
Za'a iya canzawa ta Hardness mai ɗaukar hoto na Leebs mai ƙarfi zuwa Branell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickky (HV), da taurin kai bayan Leeb (holl). Ko amfani da ƙa'idar Leeb don auna darajar wuya tare da Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickky (HV), GWEB (HS), GWEB (HS), GWEB (HS), GWEB (HS), GWEB (HS), GWEB (HS), GWAL (HS).
HB - Brastell Hardness:
Broell Hardness (HB) ana amfani dashi a lokacin da kayan ya fi sopter, kamar karatattun karafa, karfe kafin magani ko kuma bayan an yi zafi. Har yanzu ana amfani da ƙarfi (HRC) don kayan aiki tare da mafi girman ƙarfi, kamar wuya bayan magani mai zafi, da sauransu.
Bratinell Hardness (HB) nauyin gwaji ne na wani girman. Kwakwalwar karfe mai taurare ko ƙwallon katako na wani diamita an matso shi cikin farfajiyar ƙarfe da za a gwada. Ana kiyaye nauyin gwajin don lokacin da aka ƙayyade, sannan kuma an cire nauyin don auna girman diamita a farfajiya. Darajar Broell ta darajar shine abubuwan da aka samo ta hanyar rarraba nauyin da yanki na saman yanki na ciki. Gabaɗaya, ƙwallon ƙarfe mai ƙarfi na wani girman (yawanci 10mm a diamita) an guga shi cikin kayan da ke cikin kayan tare da wani kaya (yawanci 3000kg) kuma an kiyaye shi na tsawon lokaci. Bayan an cire kaya, da rabo daga cikin nauyin yanki shine darajar da taurin kai (HB), kuma naúrar ita ce kiba / mm2 (N / MM2).
Taurin kai yana yanke hukunci game da ƙimar ƙimar ƙimar tushen tushen filastik zurfin zurfin. 0.002 mm ana amfani dashi azaman naúrar wuya. Lokacin da HB> 450 ko samfurin ya yi ƙarami, ba za a iya amfani da gwajin ƙwallon ƙwallon Bratinell da kuma raguwar Hardness ba a ba da izini ba. Yana amfani da mazugi mai lu'u-lu'u tare da kusurwar °0 ° ko kuma kasusuwa da diamita na 1.59 ko 3.18mm don latsawa cikin wani gwaji a ƙarƙashin gwaji a ƙarƙashin zurfin shiga cikin gwaji. Dangane da wahalar kayan gwajin, an bayyana shi a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban uku:
HRA: Wannan ita ce wuya ta hanyar amfani da nauyin 60kg da kuma indenter na lu'u-lu'u, wanda ake amfani da shi don kayan masarufi mai matukar ƙarfi (kamar a hankali.
HRB: Yana da taurin da aka samu ta amfani da nauyin 100KG da kwallon ƙarfe na 1.58mm, wanda ake amfani da shi don mawuyacin karfe, kamar ƙarfe, da sauransu).
HRC: Shin, yana da wuya da aka samu ta amfani da nauyin 150kg da kuma keɓaɓɓen ƙwayar ƙwayar lu'u-lu'u, wanda ake amfani da shi don mawuyacin hali (kamar ƙarfe sosai, da sauransu).
Bugu da kari:
1.hrc na nufin Hardness C sikeli.
2.HRC da HB ana amfani dasu sosai a samarwa.
3.HRC RANAR HRC 20-67, daidai yake da HB225-650,
Idan taurin kai ta fi wannan kewayon, yi amfani da tazawar Roverness wani sikelin HRA,
Idan taurin kai ya ragu fiye da wannan kewayon, yi amfani da Hardness B sikeli HRB,
Iyakar girman Brinell, ta hanyar HB650, wanda ba zai iya zama sama da wannan darajar ba.
4.The Indestter na Rockwell Hardness Tester C sikeli na lu'u-lu'u ne tare da kusurwar vertix na digiri 120. Halin gwajin shine ƙimar. Ka'idojin kasar Sin shine 15 kilomita. Indenter na Broell Hardness Tester ne mai wuya kwallon (hbs) ko ball na carbide (HBW). Hannun gwajin ya bambanta da diamita daga cikin kwallon, jere daga 3000 zuwa 31.25 kilogiram.
5.The Roverwell Harshen ciki yana da ƙanana, kuma darajar da aka auna tana dauracewa. Wajibi ne a auna maki da yawa don nemo matsakaicin matsakaicin. Ya dace da kayayyakin da aka gama da yanka na bakin ciki kuma an rarrabe shi azaman gwaji mara lalacewa. Tsarin Herinell ya fi girma, darajar da aka ambata daidai ne, ba ta dace da kayayyakin da ya ƙare da kuma yanka na bakin ciki ba, kuma ba a rarrabe shi kamar gwajin marasa hallaka ba.
6. Matsalar darajar ta har abada ita ce lambar da ba a ba da ita ba tare da raka'a. (Saboda haka, ba daidai ba ne a kira ta har abada a matsayin wani mataki.) Darajar darajar Brinell, kuma yana da dangantaka mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
7 Abu ne mai sauki ka yi aiki, sauri da hankali, kuma ya dace da m taro. Brinell Harshen yana buƙatar microscope don auna diamita na ɓoye, sannan ka kalli teburin ko kirga, wanda yafi cumbersome yin aiki.
8. A karkashin wasu yanayi, HB da HRC za a iya canza su ta hanyar kallon teburin. Ana iya yin rikodin tsarin tunani kamar yadda: 1hrc≈1 / 10hb.
Gwajin wuya abu ne mai sauki da sauki. Don yin amfani da gwajin taurin kai don maye gurbin wasu gwaje-gwaje na kayan aikin na inji, wata ingantacciyar dangantakar canzawa tsakanin taurarin samarwa da ƙarfi a samarwa.
Aiki ya tabbatar da cewa akwai dangantakar mai dacewa tsakanin kyawawan dabi'u na kayan ƙarfe da tsakanin darajar kifaye da darajar ƙarfi. Saboda ƙimar m darajar da aka ƙaddara ta hanyar lalata filastik na farko da ci gaba da ƙarancin kayan filastik, mafi girman ƙimar kayan filastik, da mafi girman darajar.
Lokaci: Aug-16-2024
