Hanyar Gwaji ta Inji don Takalma na Birki na ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da su a cikin Na'urar Naɗewa (Zaɓin Takalmin Birki na Gwaji Mai Tauri)

Zaɓin kayan aikin gwajin injiniya don takalman birki na ƙarfe dole ne ya bi ƙa'idar: ICS 45.060.20. Wannan ƙa'idar ta ƙayyade cewa gwajin halayen injiniyan ya kasu kashi biyu:

1. Gwajin Taurin Kai

Za a yi shi bisa ga tanadin ISO 6892-1:2019. Girman da ingancin sarrafa samfuran taurin kai dole ne su cika buƙatun ISO 185:2005.

2. Hanyar Gwaji Mai Tauri

Za a aiwatar da shi bisa ga ISO 6506-1:2014. Za a yanke samfuran tauri daga ƙasan rabin sandar gwajin da aka yi daban; idan babu sandar gwaji, za a ɗauki takalmin birki ɗaya, 6mm - 10mm za a cire shi daga gefensa, kuma za a auna tauri a maki huɗu na gwaji, matsakaicin ƙimar shine sakamakon gwajin.

Tushen Hanyar Gwajin Tauri

Tsarin ISO 6506-1:2014 "Kayan ƙarfe - Gwajin Taurin Brinell - Kashi na 1: Hanyar Gwaji" ya ƙayyade ƙa'ida, alamomi da bayani, kayan aikin gwaji, samfura, hanyoyin gwaji, rashin tabbas na sakamako da rahoton gwaji don gwajin taurin Brinell na kayan ƙarfe.

2.1 Zaɓin Kayan Gwaji: Mai Gwajin Taurin Brinell (An ba da shawarar farko)

Ribobi: Yankin da aka shigar yana da girma, wanda zai iya nuna taurin kayan ƙarfen da aka yi amfani da shi (ƙarfe na iya samun tsari mara daidaito), kuma sakamakon ya fi bayyana.

Ya dace da matsakaicin ƙarfi da ƙarancin tauri na ƙarfe mai siminti (HB 80 – 450), wanda ke rufe cikakken tauri na takalman birki na ƙarfe mai siminti.

Aikin yana da sauƙi, kuma buƙatar gama saman samfurin yana da ƙarancin yawa (gabaɗaya Ra 1.6 - 6.3μm ya isa).

2.2 Ka'idar Gwajin Taurin Brinell

Za a iya taƙaita ƙa'idar kamar haka: Ana matse ƙwallon ƙarfe mai tauri (ko ƙwallon ƙarfe da aka kashe) mai diamita na 10mm a saman samfurin a ƙarƙashin wani ƙarfin gwaji (kamar 3000kgf). Bayan auna diamita na shigarwa, ana ƙididdige ƙimar tauri (HBW) don siffanta ikon kayan don tsayayya da lalacewar filastik. Babban fa'idarsa tana cikin ƙarfin wakilcin sakamakon, wanda zai iya nuna halayen tauri na kayan. Hanya ce ta gargajiya da ake amfani da ita sosai a gwajin aiki na kayan ƙarfe.

2.3 Alamomi da Bayani Kan Darajar Taurin Brinell

Babban ma'anar ƙimar taurin Brinell (HBW) shine: rabon ƙarfin gwaji (F) zuwa yankin saman shigarwa (A), tare da naúrar MPa (amma yawanci ba a yiwa naúrar alama ba, kuma ƙimar lambobi kawai ake amfani da ita). Tsarin lissafi shine kamar haka: HBW=πD(D−D2−d2​)2×0.102×F
Ina:

F shine ƙarfin gwaji (sashi: N);

D shine diamita mai shiga (naúrar: mm);

d shine matsakaicin diamita na ƙofa (naúrar: mm);

Ma'aunin "0.102" wani abu ne da ake amfani da shi wajen canza ƙarfin gwajin daga kgf zuwa N (idan aka ƙididdige shi kai tsaye a cikin N, za a iya sauƙaƙe dabarar).

Za a iya gani daga dabarar cewa a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin gwaji iri ɗaya da diamita na indenter, ƙaramin diamita na indenter, ƙarfin kayan yana ƙaruwa don tsayayya da nakasar filastik, kuma ƙimar taurin Brinell ya fi girma; akasin haka, ƙimar taurin ƙasa.

Dangane da halayen kayan takalmin birki na ƙarfe (ƙarfe mai launin toka), sigogin gwajin taurin Brinell yawanci kamar haka ne:

Ƙarfin gwaji (F): Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da 3000kgf (29.42kN), kuma alamar tauri da ta dace ita ce "HBW 10/3000".

Lura: Idan samfurin siriri ne ko kuma kayan suna da laushi, ana iya daidaita ƙarfin gwajin (kamar 1500kgf ko 500kgf) bisa ga ISO 6506-1:2014, amma za a nuna wannan a cikin rahoton gwajin.