Mafi yawan amfani da shi wajen samarwa shine taurin hanyar latsawa, irin su Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness da micro hardness.Ƙimar taurin da aka samu da gaske tana wakiltar juriya na saman ƙarfe zuwa nakasar filastik da ke haifar da kutse na abubuwa na waje.
Mai zuwa shine taƙaitaccen gabatarwa ga raka'o'in tauri iri-iri:
1. Brinell hardness (HB)
Latsa ƙwallon ƙarfe mai tauri na ƙayyadaddun girman (yawanci 10mm a diamita) cikin saman kayan tare da wani kaya (gaba ɗaya 3000kg) kuma ajiye shi na ɗan lokaci.Bayan an cire kaya, rabon kaya zuwa wurin da aka shigar shine ƙimar taurin Brinell (HB), a cikin kilogiram / mm2 (N/mm2).
2. Rockwell hardness (HR)
Lokacin da HB>450 ko samfurin ya yi ƙanƙanta, ba za a iya amfani da gwajin taurin Brinell ba kuma yakamata a yi amfani da ma'aunin taurin Rockwell maimakon.Yana amfani da mazugi na lu'u-lu'u tare da kusurwar tsaye na 120 ° ko ƙwallon ƙarfe mai diamita na 1.59mm da 3.18mm don danna cikin saman kayan da za a gwada a ƙarƙashin wani nauyin kaya, kuma ana samun taurin kayan daga. zurfin ciki.Dangane da taurin kayan gwajin, ana iya bayyana shi a cikin ma'auni daban-daban guda uku:
HRA: Ita ce taurin da aka samu ta amfani da kaya mai nauyin kilogiram 60 da kuma indenment na mazugi na lu'u-lu'u, kuma ana amfani da shi don kayan da ke da taurin gaske (kamar siminti carbide, da sauransu).
HRB: Ita ce taurin da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da nauyin 100kg da ƙwallon ƙarfe mai taurin tare da diamita na 1.58mm.Ana amfani da shi don kayan da ke da ƙananan taurin (kamar ƙarfe da aka cire, simintin ƙarfe, da sauransu).
HRC: Ita ce taurin da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da kaya mai nauyin kilogiram 150 da na'urar lu'u lu'u lu'u-lu'u, kuma ana amfani da ita don kayan da ke da tauri mai tsayi (kamar taurin karfe, da sauransu).
3 Vickers hardness (HV)
Yi amfani da mazugi mai mazugi mai murabba'in lu'u-lu'u tare da nauyin ƙasa da 120kg da kusurwar tsaye na 136 ° don danna cikin saman kayan, kuma raba yankin saman ramin shigar kayan ta ƙimar kaya, wanda shine ƙimar Vickers taurin HV ( kgf/mm2).
Idan aka kwatanta da gwajin taurin Brinell da Rockwell, gwajin taurin Vickers yana da fa'idodi da yawa.Ba shi da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun yanayi na kaya P da diamita diamita D kamar Brinell, da kuma matsalar nakasawa na indenter;kuma ba shi da matsala cewa ƙimar taurin Rockwell ba zai iya haɗewa ba.Kuma yana iya gwada duk wani abu mai laushi da wuya kamar Rockwell, kuma yana iya gwada taurin sassa masu sirara (ko siraran siraran) fiye da Rockwell, wanda kawai taurin saman Rockwell zai iya yi.Amma ko da a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi, ana iya kwatanta shi a cikin ma'aunin Rockwell, kuma ba za a iya haɗa shi da sauran matakan taurin ba.Bugu da kari, saboda Rockwell yana amfani da zurfin ciki a matsayin ma'aunin ma'auni, kuma zurfin shigar a koyaushe yana da ƙanƙanta fiye da faɗin shigarwa, don haka kuskuren dangi shima ya fi girma.Saboda haka, bayanan taurin Rockwell ba su da ƙarfi kamar Brinell da Vickers, kuma ba shakka ba su da ƙarfi kamar daidaitattun Vickers.
Akwai wata alaƙar juzu'i tsakanin Brinell, Rockwell da Vickers, kuma akwai tebur dangantakar juyi da za a iya tambaya.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 16-2023
