Mafi yawan amfani da shi a samarwa shine taurin hanyar latsawa, kamar taurin Brinell, taurin Rockwell, taurin Vickers da kuma taurin micro. Darajar taurin da aka samu a zahiri tana wakiltar juriyar saman ƙarfe ga nakasar filastik da kutsewar abubuwa na ƙasashen waje ke haifarwa.
Ga taƙaitaccen bayani game da nau'ikan taurin kai daban-daban:
1. Taurin Brinell (HB)
Danna ƙwallon ƙarfe mai tauri mai girman da ya kai 10mm a saman kayan tare da wani nau'in kaya (galibi 3000kg) sannan a ajiye shi na ɗan lokaci. Bayan an cire kayan, rabon kayan da yankin da aka shigar shine ƙimar taurin Brinell (HB), a cikin ƙarfin kilogram/mm2 (N/mm2).
2. Taurin Rockwell (HR)
Idan samfurin HB>450 ko samfurin ya yi ƙanƙanta, ba za a iya amfani da gwajin taurin Brinell ba kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da ma'aunin taurin Rockwell maimakon haka. Yana amfani da mazubin lu'u-lu'u mai kusurwar kusurwa ta 120° ko ƙwallon ƙarfe mai diamita na 1.59mm da 3.18mm don matsewa a saman kayan da za a gwada a ƙarƙashin wani kaya, kuma ana samun taurin kayan daga zurfin shigarwar. Dangane da taurin kayan gwajin, ana iya bayyana shi a cikin ma'auni uku daban-daban:
HRA: Taurin da ake samu ta hanyar amfani da kaya mai nauyin kilogiram 60 da kuma ma'aunin lu'u-lu'u, kuma ana amfani da shi ga kayan da ke da tauri sosai (kamar carbide mai siminti, da sauransu).
HRB: Taurin da ake samu ta hanyar amfani da nauyin kilogiram 100 da ƙwallon ƙarfe mai tauri mai diamita na 1.58mm. Ana amfani da shi don kayan da ke da ƙarancin tauri (kamar ƙarfe mai annealed, ƙarfe mai siminti, da sauransu).
HRC: Ita ce taurin da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da nauyin kilogiram 150 da kuma ma'aunin lu'u-lu'u, kuma ana amfani da ita ga kayan da ke da tauri mai yawa (kamar ƙarfe mai tauri, da sauransu).
Taurin Vickers 3 (HV)
Yi amfani da maƙallin lu'u-lu'u mai siffar murabba'i mai nauyin ƙasa da kilogiram 120 da kusurwar kusurwa ta 136° don matsawa cikin saman kayan, kuma raba yankin saman ramin shigar kayan da ƙimar kaya, wanda shine ƙimar taurin Vickers HV (kgf/mm2).
Idan aka kwatanta da gwaje-gwajen taurin Brinell da Rockwell, gwajin taurin Vickers yana da fa'idodi da yawa. Ba shi da iyakokin sharuɗɗan da aka ƙayyade na girman kaya P da diamita na indenter D kamar Brinell, da kuma matsalar nakasar indenter; kuma ba shi da matsalar cewa ba za a iya haɗa ƙimar taurin Rockwell ba. Kuma yana iya gwada duk wani abu mai laushi da tauri kamar Rockwell, kuma yana iya gwada taurin sassa masu siriri (ko ƙananan yadudduka) fiye da Rockwell, wanda za a iya yin sa ne kawai ta hanyar taurin saman Rockwell. Amma ko da a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi, ana iya kwatanta shi ne kawai a cikin sikelin Rockwell, kuma ba za a iya haɗa shi da wasu matakan taurin ba. Bugu da ƙari, saboda Rockwell yana amfani da zurfin indtation a matsayin ma'auni, kuma zurfin indtation koyaushe yana ƙanƙanta fiye da faɗin indenter, don haka kuskurensa na dangi shi ma ya fi girma. Saboda haka, bayanan taurin Rockwell ba su da tauri kamar Brinell da Vickers, kuma ba shakka ba su da tauri kamar daidaiton Vickers.
Akwai wata alaƙa ta musayar ra'ayi tsakanin Brinell, Rockwell da Vickers, kuma akwai teburin dangantakar musayar ra'ayi wanda za a iya tambaya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-16-2023
